Dynamo-electric machine.



H. McQUILLIN. `mmlmm ELEcTRlc MACHINE- APPLICATION FILED HAK. I3. 1914.

1,157,024.` I Patenmd 0cn19,1915.

UNITED sTATEs APATENT oEEioE.

I-IOWAIRI?.l MGQUILLIN, CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR F ONE-HALF TOWILLIAM H.

` DUGGANQOF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINE.

Specification of Letters Patent. Patented 0G13. 19, 1915l Applicationfiled March 13, 1914. Serial No. 824,421.

To all/whom t may concern.'

Be it known that I, HOWARD MCQUILLIN, a citizen of the United States,residing at Chicago, in the county of Cook and State provide adynamo'electric machine, which automatically operates to switch astorage battery, or accumulator, into circuit therewith, after therotatable member of such machine has attained a velocity suilicient todevelop a predetermined electro-motive force.

Another object of my invention is ,to accomplish the above result in thesimplest possible manner,l by the elimination of all unnecessaryattachments, usually employed for such purpose, such as relays,rheostats, automatic, centrifugal and magnetic switches, etc., byemploying a moving part of the dynamo itself, capable of a resultantmovement, in obedience'to another energized portion of such machine' tocut the battery intolcircuits with the dynamo at a predeterminedcritical time.v

Other and further objects of my invention will become readily` apparent,to persons skilled in the art, from a consideration of the followingdescription when taken. in conjunction with the drawing, wherein- Figurel is'a schematic view of the dynamo, assumed to be at rest, before thebattery is admittedinto circuit therewith and Fig."2 is a similar viewof the dynamo, after ithas operated to cut the` battery into circuit.

In all the views the same reference characters are employed to indicatevsimilar parts.

In the exemplification- I have shown the simplest form of shunt. wounddynamo electric machine such as -usually employed to produce constantpotential, when driven at a constant speed, and which is best forcharging storage batteries. 'l

There are times when it 1s highly desir- -able for a storage battery, oraccumulator,

to be automatically brought into circuit with a dynamo electric machinefor the purpose of charging the battery, without the necessity of theoperator moving a special switch for this purpose and it is more highlyimportant that the battery should be automatically cut out of circuitfrom the dynamo electric machine, after the speed' of such machine hasbeen decreased below a point where it no longer generates sufficientelectro-motive force to send a current through the battery. Thisnecessity exists in many environment-s, such for instance as a systemfor generating electricity for car light ing as when the dynamo electricmachine is driven by the axle of the car or coach and in otherinstances, such for example as when the dynamo electric machine is to bedriven by the engine employed to propel a vehicle such as an automobileor the like and which dynamo is intended to charge the storage battery.in such situations the integrity of -memory of the operator cannot berelied upon to invariably perform the necessary switching functions,which, left unperformed would result disastrously to the battery, and tothe dynamo with which it is connected.

In the drawing A. represents the housing providing bearings for theshafu N of the armature B of the dynamo electric machine.

l and J are the field coils forpthe dynamo y electric machine,surrounding the polar projections j-jrl`he operative position of thearmature B is centrally of the pole pieces j-j as shown in Fig. 1,-beingconnected tothe accumulator E by wires Z and o. l

A driving pulley K, in this particular instance, is shown to be asprocket wheel,

adapted for dri-ving association with a prop# erly formed chain, isrotatably connected to y the shaft N, by a squared portion of the pulleybore making contact with the squared portion M on the extreme end of theshaft. In Fig. 2 the squared portion M of the shaft is shown drawn intothe interior of the pulley and the round portion of 4the shaft N iswithin the bearing provided vin the housing A, so that in each instance,Fig. l and Fig. 2, the squared portion M eliects driving associationbetween the pulley K and the shaft N.

iVhen the pole pieces j-j'. of the dynamo electric machine are properlyenergized the armature P) is moved, by the magnetic attraction thereof'for the armature, axially upon its shaft, from the position shown inFig. 1 to the position shown in Fig. 2 against the operation of a springo which operates upon the lever C to yieldingly push the shaft` againstthe operation of 'the energized field, into the position shown in Fig. 1when the field is deiinergized.

An electromagnet l) is included in circuit in the wire o and isenergized when the battery circuit is closed over the wires Z and o.After the armature has been moved from the position shown in Fig. 1, tothe position shown in Fig. 2, the short end of' the lever C will bebrought into contact with the pole of the electro-magnet l and Will beheld in this position so long as the battery circuit in which theelectro-magnet is included is closed by the brushes D and O bearing uponthe active'portion of the commutator F. y

The operation of the device is as follows: As shown in Fig. 1 thecircuit over the wires d and 0 from the dynamo to the battery E, is openbecause the brushes D and O bear upon an insulating cylinder G of thecommutator. Now when the armature B, of the dynamo, is properly rotated,by suitable driving means, as through its pulley K, current Will passfrom the brush I, which is assumed to be the positive terminal of thedynamo, through the wire t' into the field magnet Winding-J through theWire 7'2 to the winding J and through the Winding by the wire h to thenegative brush H, thereby completing the circuit through the ieldWinding and energizing the field magnets by the current produced by thearmature, due to the residuary magnetism existing in the lield 'polesj-j. When these poles become suflicientlystrong, by the accumulation ofcurrent thus produced, the armature Will'be axiallyl moved from theposition shown in Fig. l tothe position shown in Fig. 2 and thismovement ofthe armature will occur at a critical point and Will beinfluenced, to a greater or less eXtentby the resistance imposed bylthespring c bearing against the end of the shaft N, so that the Variationof the strength of the spring C will iniuence,

. to some extent, the critical time at which the armature will be somoved. When the armatureais thusinoved axially, the insulating portionlG of the commutator willI have the armature B, after the armature hasde- .veloped a predetermined electro-motive force which is sutiicient tocause its axial movement by the magnetically'energized effeet of thefield magnets J, J.

lVhen the armature has moved into the position shown in Fig. 2, thelever C is thereby placed at an angle` `so that the pressure produced bythe spring c, although the spring at this time is very much stronger, isnot so eti'ective to push the armature back into its former positionagainst the eiiect of the ields magnetism as when the lever is inposition shown in Fig. 1. because the pressure exerted by the lever Cupon the end of the shaft, instead of being in an axial line, or planewith the shaft, is at an angle thereto and therefore its effect toaxially displace the shaft is not so great with a given strength of thespring, as when it is in position shown in Fig. 1. Vhen the small end ofthe lever however, is placed in the position shown in Fig. 2, by thedisplacement of the armature from its normal position, the small end ofthe lever makes contact with the pole end of. the electro-magnet l)which tends to hold the lever C in the position in which it has beenplaced, as in Fig. 2, and thus the armature is relieved, to some extent,of the stress that would be otherwise applied to it by the spring o sothat slight variations of the speed of the armature will not operate tocause its axial displacement, as the lever C will be held by the magnetl) during the time that the storage battery E is energized by thearmature.

Instead of using a sprocket wheel K to drive the armature, as shown, ashrouded gear, a fianged pulley for a belt, or other means for normallyretaining the driving Wheel in the plane in which it is shown to preventits axial movement on the shaft may be employed for the purpose.

Now if the power, used to rotate the armature B be Withdrawn, theelectro-motive force produced by the armature will be decreased and thefield magnets will have lost their power, to some extent, and at thiscritical time, before the battery E-has been turned into the fieldmagnet windings j--j to energize them, as before, the armature B willhave been moved axially from the position shown in Fig. 2 to theposition shown in Fig. l thereby opening the circuit between the brushesD and O and effectively .removing the battery from the dynamoconnection.

While I have herein shown a single embodiment of my invention, for thepurpose of clear disclosure, itis evident that changes may be made inunessential details without y departure from the scope of the appendedclaims. y

Having described my invention, what I claim is 1. A dynamo electricmachine having field windings, an armature and an axially movablecommutator; an insulated extensionof the commutator; line brushesnormally bearlgize the field magnet winding, whereby the armatureislaterally. moved on its axis to shift the active portion of thecommutator under just` mentioned'brushes when the armature is rotatedand the field magnet energizedA thereby.

` 3. A shunt wound dynamo electric machinehaving field windings, anaxially movable commutator, 'and an insulated commu'tator extension; incombination with a set of collecting brushes, normally bearing on saidextension and another set of collecting brushes,v bearing on the'activeportion of the commutator, the latter being connected to the fieldfwindi-ngs, whereby to move anv active part of v.said commutatorjun--der the first pair of brushes by the axial movement (if-the' armaturewhen the fieldl windings are energized by rotation thereof.

lLl. A dynamo electric machine having an4 axially movable armature andcommutator -and two sets of collecting brushes; vmeans for supportingone set of brushes out of Contact with the commutator ;'a storage bat- Ytery; a circuit connecting said battery to the latter set of brushes; acircuit connecting the other set of brushesy to the field windings ofthe dynamo, whereby to energize the field magnet when the armature isrotated thereby to slidably move the armature there- .under -andsimultaneously move the commutator under the battery circuit brushes toconnect them to the battery to close circuit between the armature andbattery; means to oppose the axial movement of the armature, and means,energized by the-battery circuit to disable said opposing means.

5. A dynamo electric machine having an axially movable armature,movablel in response to energization of its field magnets; yieldingmeanslof variable resistance to return said armature to normal positionwhen the fields are denergized the resistance of the yielding meansbeing smallest when they armature is at the end of its magneticallyactuated movement andl means for changing the dynamo circuits, effectedby movement of said armature.

6. A dynamo electric machine having field windings, an armature and anaxially movable commutator; an insulated extension of the commutator;line brushes normally *bearing on said extension; field excltationbrushes connected to the field winding and normally bearing on thecommutator means operable by the rotation of the armature to shift theactive portionof the commutator to position under said line brushes; anda yieldable means opposing lthe shifting of the active portion of thecommutator to po! sitionunder the line brushes. l

7. In combination a dynamo electrlc machineVhaving an axially movablecommutator; an insulated extension of the commutator; line brushesnormally bearing on said v extension; field excitation brushes `normallybearing on the commutator; means operable by the rotation of thearmature to shift the active portion of the commutator to position underthe line brushes; a consuming device; a circuit connecting saidvconsuming device to the line brushes; means to oppose the axialmovementsof the armature; and means` energized bythe said circuit todisable the opposing means.

In testimony whereoi1 I'hereunto Set my hand in the presence of twosubscribing witnesses.

l HOWARD MCQUrLLIN. In the presence of- FORE BAIN, MARY F. ALLEN.

